Archive for August, 2008

Reading Reco: How (writing) works

Wednesday, August 27th, 2008

In the recently published How Fiction Works, James Woods provides many insights that will make you a better reader and writer of fiction.  Worth your time, though be forewarned: his home library may be a bit deeper than yours and he seemingly thinks nobody ever got things better than Flaubert.

That aside, I was fascinated by his discussion of consistency, credibility and voice of narrator and characters in exposition. Particularly his comments on the reliability of the narrator and the importance of having the narrator’s voice maintaining some consistency or corelevance with the language and sensibilities of characters.

All of which is a long route to:  when I write in the “voice” of a letter’s signer, I never try to mimic and very rarely try to pick up characteristic phrasing, which can sound forced and signal “false.”  For one thing, that can lead to talking like the organization.  Something about apery forces formality.

Instead I seek the language and message of the mission — the “voice of the mission” as it were.  Then overlay the fervor of that mission’s leader … which can be more fervent (and conversational) than I hear from anyone in the client organization itself.

Which is not to say that ngo ceos aren’t fervent.  Most are very enthusiastic and exceptionally articulate.  (Though a second-tier person is sometimes yet more of both.)

It’s just that my own phrasing, pumped full of fervor, spewing out with enthusiasm, can actually grant greater verisimilitude of that individual.

More important, it can be more effective than trying to take on that person’s skin.  Because I at this point am subconsciously structuring the communication to be effective, asking early and often, building intensity, and other methods of making this wholly nonfiction communication do its job.

What works in fundraising online: Clear calls to action

Thursday, August 21st, 2008

In a recent article in Web Marketing Today, Todd Follansbee makes a number of great points highly relevant to nonprofit web sites.

Read the article. But here are a few excerpted points:

* Use consistent wording. “Contact us” and “Contact us via e-mail” are two different calls to action.

* Begin each call to action with an active verb: learn, place, add, submit, get, modify, edit, etc.

* Place the call to action where your eye path ends up as you look at the page.

* Make a call-to-action button instantly recognizable as a call to action.  And place it to be visible at first glance. It should be obvious even if you move far enough away from the screen so you cannot even read the body text of the site (the “5 foot rule”).

* Make buttons “jump.” Done well, graphic calls to action employ 3D effects which make the buttons visually jump off the page and stand out.

* Do not ignore text hyperlink calls to action. Worded clearly and in the right place, they can be as effective as graphic calls to action.

* Use clear, easy-to-read fonts. For example, use Arial, not Times New Roman or Courier. Don’t use unusual fonts which stand out solely by their inappropriate look.

* Use mouseover effects to increase awareness. However, if site visitors have moved the cursor to your call to action, you have already gained their attention.

Follansbee goes on to discuss assessing effectiveness.  Read his points, but also consider asking someone unfamiliar with your site to “test drive it”.  Do they go where you want them to?  Do they know where they are, where they’re going?  And how to get back?  All the basic web design questions well developed in a book that should be on your shelf:  Steve Krug’s Don’t Make Me Think.

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Serif vs. sans serif continued …

Sunday, August 10th, 2008

I have written a couple of times in these pages about the virtue of serif fonts, Courier in particular.  But input from an occasional correspondent and my online wanderings today lead me to reopen the discussion, at least for fonts online.

Sans serif fonts dominate online, and it can’t be purely to be pretty.   For whatever reason, they are more readable in pixels.

This posting on Merkle’s Donor Power Blog got me started.  It cites Colin Wieldon’s Type & Layout, which I also note in an earlier post, a book about PRINT fonts challenged by Donor Power readers vis a vis the web … and directing folks to this column of Denny Hatch’s Business Common Sense for some good discourse on the matter.

(I’ll also give a nod  to John Lepp of The Naked Idea, who got me thinking about Verdana  to begin with.)

I’m obliged to repeat that I’ve seen head to head tests of email to high school students in which Courier outpulls Ariel. But that was email in a faux plain text format.  Not the same as a web page.

Bottom line:  Ok, ok, maybe there is a role in the world (or in the ether anyway) for sans serif fonts.

One damned thing about the web is that people don’t really test, at least nobody I know.  For good reason … extremely tough to do split tests, to control or measure.

But from google to amazon… to my.yahoo homepage… to happydonors.com! — sans serif seems to be the way to go online. And until I see some stats, I’ll just believe my lying eyes.

What works: Persistence

Friday, August 8th, 2008

Time for a rant.  I haven’t seen persistence applied in email fundraising yet, but it works elsewhere and is wholly consistent with what we do in the mail, so …

Sending email campaigns around a target date works.  I use it in commercial endeavors.  In B2B lead gen.  Deadlines work.  Nonprofits sends many renewal notices … 4, 5, 7?   Most of us know to think not of “a mailing” but instead of “this year’s campaigns.”

Yet I have yet to see a campaign of emails around a topic or date.

A week or so ago a major international organization sent me an email telling me that the matching fund proposition runs out on Friday … only two days left.

Had they emailed me before?  If so, I didn’t open that one.  (And I open my nonprofit email.)

They didn’t build urgency around a matching gift.  They tried to deliver urgency in one email.

If I send 1,000 envelopes in snail mail and 100 reply with a gift, how many said “no” to my appeal?

As mail marketers, we know the answer is either “Who knows?” or “Probably damn few!” That’s why we direct so much creative energy to envelopes.  We know folks don’t always open them.  They need a nudge.

Just as we lose snail mail in snap decisions over a trash bin, we lose a lot of email as people spin through their inbox and “delete.”  Or, ignored, the email rolls over onto the next page of the email client and thus disappears until cleaning day.

If I don’t reply to your email, it could be because I’m in a rush, gotta get the kids to soccer practice,  had a fight with the boss … whatever!  I’m not saying no.  I’m just not opening that one email at that moment.

We pay postage on “second notice” snail mail.  Why don’t I get “second notice” appeals via email when it doesn’t cost you anything but some programming and bandwidth.

If that nonprofit had sent me an email a week before the matching fund deadline, introducing the idea, the need, etc … then another email three days before the deadline, heightening urgency … then yet another email on the day of the deadline, telling me my gift would be doubled as long as I sent it before midnight …

… how much more might they have taken in from this campaign?

I’d guess a LOT.  But I’m still waiting for proof that persistence works in fundraising.  Once again I’ll put a dollar on the line.

Anyone?

Read at your own risk …

Tuesday, August 5th, 2008

… of discomfort.  A few months ago a new book hit the racks — Thanking the Monkey: Rethinking the Way We Treat Animals by Karen Dawn.  Replete with endorsements from Gloria Steinem, Paul Haggis, Bill Maher, David Duchovny and a host of pop culture names, the book is a bright, friendly, current, and complete intro to the immense variety of ways your and my everyday lives interlace with animal abuse.

Ouch.

I’ve never been quite comfortable with the term “animal rights,” largely because it’s an easy target for the policy adept.  “Rights” is a legal term.  

Animal welfare is a fairly clear arena, largely having to do with shelters for abandoned animals.   Kind of comes down to respect for all living beings.  If we can avoid overlapping theology.

Whatever.  Read Thanking the Monkey and decide for yourself.

The author, Karen Dawn, is very positive about things, presenting what’s going on and offering advise on how to avoid products whose purchase supports animal abuse.   She seems pretty forgiving, acknowledging practical problems, while cheerfully encouraging right action.

I’ve written for the national animal welfare groups.  One whose cause I thought merited more attention is the Animal Legal Defense Fund.  They’re a pack of lawyers, basically, who helped make animal abuse a felony in almost all states now (unthinkable a few decades ago) and helping localities understand their own laws, enforce them, and effectively prosecute offenders.

Dawn gives great nods to Wayne Pacelle, president of the Humane Society of the United States, who started to make waves when he took the post in 2004, coming on like a PETA-pusher … talking about animal rights, activism, a much harder line than HSUS had ever been know for.

More power to him, I say too.  Some years ago a prominent animal welfare org pro talked about the balancing act that HSUS and others play, not wanting to be “tainted” by association with PETA radicalism while at the same time tacitly acknowledging that PETA had used media well to raise awareness of animal abuse … with sweeping impact on society overall, including the somewhat lesser goals of animal welfare orgs themselves.

True that.  And we’ve come a long way in my lifetime.  (Veggie burger, anyone?  Anywhere, now!)  But Thanking the Monkey tells us how far we have yet to go.

What works: Show donors your mission

Monday, August 4th, 2008

At the recent Bridge Conference, Kathy Swayze of Impact Communications gave a session titled “Selling the Sizzle”, a general advertising metaphor that struck me as awkward in the fundraising world … but a worthy topic in Kathy’s hands nonetheless.

The broad direct marketing wisdom says “sell benefits, not features.”   In fundraising, that translates as selling your mission, instead of selling what you do.   (Huh?)

Good appeals do tell donors what you do, but the more important angle is why you do it.  No action is really for its own sake (except emergency relief efforts?).   What we do is more…

Action => Impact => Change

Not always easy to articulate while infusing every aspect of the appeal with emotional resonance.

Kathy also asks organizations to consider four questions every donor asks:

1.  Why do you REALLY need my money?   Like a child playing the “Why? game with you, this question should be asked repeatedly … at least four times … to move from the rational/general to the irrational/emotional.

(An aside:  In another session, the speaker asked the audience for a favorite charity.  I answered Amnesty International.  The speaker then asked “why?” … and I couldn’t really answer.  He pointed out that what Amnesty really does is write reports.  To me AI carries deeply emotional concern with shocking human rights abuses.  I essentially leapt to Level 4 but couldn’t even provide Level 1.)

2.  What will you do with my money?   They don’t want stats.  Personal impact, institutional change.

3.  What’s the benefit for me?  I want not only to see a solution, I want to know that I have helped create the solution.  (Much strong than address labels and plush toys, eh?)

4.  What have you done with my money?  See 2, above.